Register description

The registers can be read or written via the register communication. They are used for the parameterization of the terminal.

R0 to R7: Registers in the internal RAM of the terminal

The process variables can be used in addition to the actual process image. Their function is specific to the terminal.

  • R0, R1: no function
  • R2 cycle duration
    In PWM mode, you can specify the cycle duration for ongoing operation. Following a power-on reset, the cycle duration is taken from R35 (cycle duration for PWM mode).
    • PWMH mode, Cnt-Cnt PWM mode:
    • 1 digit corresponds to 1 µs
    • Example: 250 Hz => 4000 μs = 0xFA0
    • 4 KHz => 250 μs = 0xFA
    • PWML mode, Frq-Cnt PWM mode, Frq-Cnt pulse mode:
    • 1 digit corresponds to 8 µs
    • Example: 2 Hz => 500 ms = 0xF424
    • 200 Hz => 5 ms = 0x271
  • R3 base frequency
    In PWM mode the base frequency can be specified here. [R/W]
    1 digit corresponds to 1 Hz
  • R4: Reserved
  • R5: PWM raw value
    The raw value of the processor PWM unit is stored in this register. This value can be used to calculate the maximum resolution at a specified frequency.
  • R6: Diagnostic register
    not used
  • R7: Command register
    High-Byte_Write = function parameter
    Low-Byte_Write = function number
    High-Byte_Read = function result
    Low-Byte_Read = function number

R8 to R15: Registers in the internal ROM of the terminal

The type and system parameters are hard programmed by the manufacturer, and the user can read them but cannot change them.

  • R8: Terminal type
    The terminal type in register R8 is needed to identify the terminal.
  • R9: Software version (X.y)
    The software version can be read as a string of ASCII characters.
  • R10: Data length
    R10 contains the number of multiplexed shift registers and their length in bits.
    The Bus Coupler sees this structure.
  • R11: Signal channels
    Related to R10, this contains the number of channels that are logically present. Thus for example a shift register that is physically present can perfectly well consist of several signal channels.
  • R12: Minimum data length
    The particular byte contains the minimum data length for a channel that is to be transferred. If the MSB is set, the control and status byte is not necessarily required for the terminal function and is not transferred to the control, if the Bus Coupler is configured accordingly.
  • R13: Data type register

Data type register

Meaning

0x00

Terminal with no valid data type

0x01

Byte array

0x02

Structure 1 byte n bytes

0x03

Word array

0x04

Structure 1 byte n words

0x05

Double word array

0x06

Structure 1 byte n double words

0x07

Structure 1 byte 1 double word

0x08

Structure 1 byte 1 double word

0x11

Byte array with variable logical channel length

0x12

Structure 1 byte n bytes with variable logical channel length (e.g. 60xx)

0x13

Word array with variable logical channel length

0x14

Structure 1 byte n words with variable logical channel length

0x15

Double word array with variable logical channel length

0x16

Structure 1 byte n double words with variable logical channel length

  • R14: reserved
  • R15: Alignment bits (RAM)
    The alignment bits are used to place the analog terminal in the Bus Coupler on a byte boundary.

R16 to R30: Manufacturer parameter area (SEEROM)

The manufacturer parameters are specific for each type of terminal. They are programmed by the manufacturer, but can also be modified by the controller. The manufacturer parameters are stored in a serial EEPROM in the terminal, and are retained in the event of voltage drop-out.

These registers can only be altered after a code word has been set in R31.

  • R16: Hardware version number
    Register R16 contains the hardware version of the terminal.
  • R19: Manufacturer scaling - offset (B_h)
    16 bit signed integer
    Line equation: Y = A_hX +B_h
    This register contains the offset of the manufacturer’s linearization equation. The line equation is enabled via feature register R32.
  • R20: Manufacturer scaling - gain (A_h)
    16 bit signed integer*2-8
    This register contains the scale factor of the manufacturer’s linearization equation. The line equation is enabled via feature register R32.
    1 corresponds to register value 0x0100.

R31 to R47: User parameter area (SEEROM)

The user parameters are specific for each type of terminal. They can be modified by the programmer. The user parameters are stored in a serial EEPROM in the terminal, and are retained in the event of voltage drop-out. The user area is write-protected by a code word.

R31: Code word register in RAM

Functionality of the code word register

The code word 0x1235 must be entered here so that parameters in the user area can be modified. If any other value is entered into this register, the write-protection is active. When write protection is not active, the code word is returned when the register is read. If the write protection is active, the register contains a zero value.

  • R32: Feature register
    [0x0004] for KL2502-0000 and KL2512-0000
    [0xA0B4] for KL2502-0010
    This register specifies the operation mode of the terminal. Thus, for instance, a user-specific scaling can be enabled for the analog I/Os.

Feature bit no.

 

Description of the operation mode

Bit 0

1

User scaling active [0]

Bit1

1

Manufacturer scaling active [0]

Bit 2

0

[0] watchdog timer active; the PWM signal is set to 0 % duty cycle if the terminal does not receive any data for 100 ms.

Bit 3*

1

Jitter-free pulse output has priority over K-bus cycle

Bit 4*

1

Interpolation is active

Bit 5...12

0

Reserved, do not modify!

Bit 13...15

 

Operation mode

Range of values

000

PWMH mode

250 Hz ... 20 kHz

001

PWML mode

2 Hz ... 250 Hz

011

Frq-Cnt PWM mode

2 Hz ... 2 kHz

101

Frq-Cnt pulse mode

2 Hz ... 2 kHz

111

Cnt-Cnt PWM mode

250 Hz ... 8 kHz

*) KL2502-0010 only

  • R33: User scaling - offset (B_w)
    16 bit signed integer
    Line equation: Y = A_wX+B_w
    This register contains the offset of the user linearization equation. The line equation is enabled via feature register R32.
  • R34: User scaling - gain (A_w)
    16 bit signed integer*2-8
    This register contains the scale factor of the user linearization equation. The line equation is enabled via feature register R32.
  • R35: Cycle duration for PWM mode
    [0x0FA0]
    After a processor restart, the cycle duration of R35 is entered in R2.
    During operation it can be modified via R2 (cycle duration) or R3 (base frequency).
    The input takes place as described under R2.
  • R36: Duty cycle
    [0x4000]
    The ratio of duty cycle to cycle duration in Frq-Cnt PWM mode and Cnt-Cnt PWM mode is determined by this register.
    0x2000 corresponds to 25 % duty cycle
    0x4000 corresponds to 50 % duty cycle.
  • R37:Pulse duration for Frq-Cnt pulse mode (T_impulse)
    [0x0005]
    This register is used to enter the pulse duration in Frq-Cnt pulse mode.
    KL2502-0000, KL2512-0000: 1 digit corresponds to 8 µs.
    KL2502-0010: 1 digit corresponds to 2 µs
  • R38: Maximum frequency step size (F_delta), KL2502-0010 only
    Sets the maximum frequency step size for interpolation.
    1 digit corresponds to 8 Hz
  • R39: Start frequency (F_start), KL2502-0010 only
    [0x0080]
    Above the start frequency the interpolation starts with the maximum frequency step size.
  • R40: Time base (T_delta), KL2502-0010 only
    [0x0010]
    Time base for frequency interpolation in 64 µs/digit
    Value range: 0 ... 255
    Values smaller than 250 µs are not possible.