Spindle gear change (M40 - M45)

A spindle gear change is programmed with M40...M45. These M functions define max. 6 gear stages. A separate gear data record must be parameterised for each gear stage in the associated spindle axis list [AXIS].

The M functions can be programmed together with the spindle speed and the M function for the direction of rotation in the same NC block. Functions M40 to M45 are used to select the gear stage and to trigger mechanical gear change.

Syntax:
M40 \| M41 \| M42 \| M43 \| M44 \| M45 [<spindle_name>..] [ M03 \| M04 ]	modal

M40 to M45	Gear stages 1 to 6
<spindle_name>=<expr>	Spindle speed consisting of spindle name according to P-CHAN-00053 and speed value in [rpm].

Programming Example

Spindle gear change (M40 - M45)

S800 M41 M03 ;Spindle speed 800, gear stage 2, rotation cw

The decoded functions M40 to M45 are modal and are activated at block start. M40 to M45 cancel each other out.
The system permits definition of max. 6 spindle gear stages (M40... M45). The minimum and maximum speeds are defined for each gear stage in a "Table of speed stages" in [1]-4 (unit = rpm).
The maximum speed for the 10 V output in the case of position-controlled spindles is defined for analogue drives via the Multi-Gain Factors P-AXIS-00128 and P-CHAN-00129..
In a system with automatic gear stage selection, this is determined solely by programming the speed S. M40 to M45 then do not need to be programmed.
M40 to M45 can only be programmed for closed-loop position-controlled spindles.
The NC kernel always attempts to minimise gear changing (for example, if a new speed can be used with the current gear stage, a gear change is suppressed even if it was explicitly programmed with M40 to M45).

Channel parameter list [1]:

Definition of M functions M40 - M45 and definition of synchronisation modes.

m_synch[1] 0x00000001 MOS

m_synch[2] 0x00000002 MVS_SVS

m_synch[40] 0x00000002 MVS_SVS

m_synch[41] 0x00000002 MVS_SVS

m_synch[42] 0x00000002 MVS_SVS

m_synch[43] 0x00000002 MVS_SVS

m_synch[44] 0x00000002 MVS_SVS

m_synch[45] 0x00000002 MVS_SVS

m_synch[48] 0x00000008 MNS_SNS

m_synch[49] 0x00000002 MVS_SVS

Activate gear change:

main_spindle_gear_change 1 0:OFF 1:ON

Parameterise the spindle gear (search direction, speed ranges):

spindel[0].range_way 0 0:bottom up 1: top down

spindel[0].range_table[0].min_speed 50 (M40)

spindel[0].range_table[0].max_speed 560 (M40)

spindel[0].range_table[1].min_speed 400 (M41)

spindel[0].range_table[1].max_speed 800 (M41)

spindel[0].range_table[2].min_speed 700 (M42)

spindel[0].range_table[2].max_speed 3500 (M42)

spindel[0].range_table[3].min_speed 3501 (M43)

spindel[0].range_table[3].max_speed 4000 (M43)

spindel[0].range_table[4].min_speed 3800 (M44)

spindel[0].range_table[4].max_speed 5500 (M44)

spindel[0].range_table[5].min_speed 5400 (M45)

spindel[0].range_table[5].max_speed 7000 (M45)

Programming Example

Spindle gear change (M40 - M45)

spindel[0].autom_range 1

NC program:

S650 M03 OK, M41⇒ PLC

S750 OK, no change, M41 already selected

S950 OK, automatic change, M42=> PLC

S1050 OK, no change, M42 already selected

S750 OK, automatic change, M41=> PLC

S500 OK, no change, M41 already selected

S8000 Error, speed too high

A programmed gear stage is always checked:

M41 S750 OK, "automatic" change, M41=> PLC

...but

M40 S750 Error, incorrect gear stage

Programming Example

Spindle gear change (M40 - M45)

spindel[0].autom_range 0

NC program:

M41 S650 M03 OK, M41 => PLC

M41 S750 OK, no change, M41 already selected

M42 S950 OK, change, M42=> PLC

M42 S1050 OK, no change, M41 already selected

M41 S750 OK, change, M41=> PLC

M41 S500 OK, no change, M41 already selected

M41 S200 Error, program different gear stage (M40)

S950 Error, no gear stage (M42) programmed