No feedback system: sensorless operation
Without a feedback system, the following error (following error = actual position - target position) is much harder to optimize than when operating with Hall sensors and/or incremental encoders.
Step 1: optimization of the velocity controller
- 1. Make sure that the voltage constant of the motor 0x8011:31 "Voltage constant" is set correctly.
- 2. Set the parameter 0x8010:60 "Sensorless max. acceleration" to a lower value, otherwise the velocity jump may become too large. E.g. 2000 °/s2.
- 3. Reduce the parameter 0x8010:5E "Sensorless offset voltage scaling" to approx. 50 ... 80 %.
- 4. Set parameter 0x8010:17 "Position loop proportional gain" to 0.
- The position controller is disabled.
- Interference of the position controller with the velocity controller is prevented.
- 5. Set parameter 0x8010:5B "Velocity loop proportional gain (voltage mode)" to 0.
- 6. Set parameter 0x8010:5C "Velocity loop voltage feed forward gain (voltage mode)" to 100 %.
- 7. Set the parameter 0x8010:5F "Sensorless observer bandwidth" to a lower value. E.g. 50 Hz.
- 8. Gradually increase parameter 0x8010:5F "Sensorless observer bandwidth" until oscillatory behavior. Then reduce by 50%.
- 9. Configure the integral component of the velocity controller in parameter 0x8010:5A "Velocity loop integral time (voltage mode)" to be rather sluggish.
- 10. Gradually increase the proportional component 0x8010:5B "Velocity loop proportional gain (voltage mode)" until the actual velocity in the scope starts to oscillate.
- 11. Reduce the proportional component by 20 %.
The 20 % serves as a control reserve for abrupt movements. - 12. If velocity overshoots: slightly reduce 0x8010:5C "Velocity loop voltage feed forward gain (voltage mode)".
- 13. If necessary, increase parameter 0x8010:60 "Sensorless max. acceleration" again to the required dynamics.
- The velocity controller is optimized.
Step 2: optimization of the position controller
- Prerequisite: the velocity controller is optimized.
- 1. Gradually increase the proportional component 0x8010:17 "Position loop proportional gain" until oscillating behavior.
- 2. Reduce the proportional component by 20 %.
The 20 % serves as a control reserve for abrupt movements.
- The position controller is optimized.